Difference between revisions of "ADaM"

From mn.ibv.aqua
Jump to: navigation, search
(References)
Line 2: Line 2:
 
== Description ==
 
== Description ==
  
ADaM is short for "'''A'''achener '''Da'''phnien-'''M'''edium" and is an easy to prepare, well-established medium for a variety of ''Daphnia'' and other limnic zooplankton species. Internal analysis in the AQUA laboratory has revealed the medium is virtually free from dissolved organic carbon (DOC), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P); it is therefore also suited for stoichiometric studies. The following recipe is based on the original publication by Klüttgen et al.<ref>Klüttgen, B., Dülmer, U., Engels, M. & Ratte, H.T. (1994) '''ADaM, an artificial freshwater for the culture of zooplankton.''' ''Water Research'', '''28''':3, 743–746.
+
ADaM is short for "'''A'''achener '''Da'''phnien-'''M'''edium" and is an easy to prepare, well-established medium for a variety of ''Daphnia'' and other limnic zooplankton species. Internal analysis in the AQUA laboratory has revealed the medium is virtually free from dissolved organic carbon (DOC), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P); it is therefore also suited for stoichiometric studies. The following recipe is based on the original publication by Klüttgen et al.<ref>Klüttgen, B., Dülmer, U., Engels, M. & Ratte, H.T. (1994) '''ADaM, an artificial freshwater for the culture of zooplankton.''' ''Water Research'', '''28''':3, 743–746. DOI: [https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(94)90157-0 10.1016/0043-1354(94)90157-0]</ref>, with a modified selenium content first mentioned in Ebert et al.<ref>Ebert, D., Zschokke-Rohringer, C.D. & Carius, H.J. (1998) '''Within- and between-population variation for resistance of ''Daphnia magna ''to the bacterial endoparasite ''Pasteuria ramosa''.''' ''Proceedings of the Royal Society B'', '''265''':1410, 2127–2134. DOI: [https://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1998.0549 10.1098/rspb.1998.0549]</ref>.  
</ref>, with a modified selenium content first mentioned in Ebert et al.<ref>Ebert, D., Zschokke-Rohringer, C.D. & Carius, H.J. (1998) '''Within- and between-population variation for resistance of ''Daphnia magna ''to the bacterial endoparasite ''Pasteuria ramosa''.''' ''Proceedings of the Royal Society B'', '''265''':1410, 2127–2134.</ref>.  
 
 
== Recipe ==
 
== Recipe ==
  

Revision as of 15:57, 17 October 2016

Description

ADaM is short for "Aachener Daphnien-Medium" and is an easy to prepare, well-established medium for a variety of Daphnia and other limnic zooplankton species. Internal analysis in the AQUA laboratory has revealed the medium is virtually free from dissolved organic carbon (DOC), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P); it is therefore also suited for stoichiometric studies. The following recipe is based on the original publication by Klüttgen et al.[1], with a modified selenium content first mentioned in Ebert et al.[2].

Recipe

To prepare ADaM, a high quality sea salt for scientific purposes is needed. Specifically, two sea salts have been frequently used in laboratories all over the world to prepare ADaM (this section will be updated soon to accommodate purchase links):

  • Crystal Sea® Bioassay Laboratory Formula (Marine Enterprises International; Baltimore, MD, USA)
  • hw-Marinemix® professional (Wiegandt; Krefeld, Germany)

To complete the medium, three stock solutions are needed. They should be prepared in quartz glass bottles using Type I purified water (e.g. Milli-Q water) and autoclaved after visible solution of the compounds. Stock solutions A and B can be prepared as 1 litre, while for stock solution C, 100 mL suffice.

Stock solution Compound g/L
A CaCl2 • H2O 117.60
B NaHCO3 25.20
C SeO2 0.07

The medium itself is prepared by first dissolving sea salt in distilled water using a magnetic stirrer for at least 15 minutes and subsequently adding stock solutions A, B, and C (in this order).

Final volume (L) Sea salt (g) Stock solution A (mL) Stock solution B (mL) Stock solution C (mL)
10 3.33 23 22 1
50 16.60 115 110 5
60 19.90 138 132 6

The finished medium should be aerated through a 0.22 μm polystyrene filter for at least a day before use and kept in darkness (e.g. by covering it with aluminium foil) to minimize bacterial growth.

References

  1. Klüttgen, B., Dülmer, U., Engels, M. & Ratte, H.T. (1994) ADaM, an artificial freshwater for the culture of zooplankton. Water Research, 28:3, 743–746. DOI: 10.1016/0043-1354(94)90157-0
  2. Ebert, D., Zschokke-Rohringer, C.D. & Carius, H.J. (1998) Within- and between-population variation for resistance of Daphnia magna to the bacterial endoparasite Pasteuria ramosa. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 265:1410, 2127–2134. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1998.0549